Amalaphu angalukwanga avela ngeendlela ezininzi, ngalinye linendlela yalo yokuvelisa. Iintlobo eziphambili ziquka:
- I-Spunbond
- Meltblown
- I-Spunlace
- Ihlatywe inaliti
- Ifakwe emanzini
- Umoya
- I-Flashspun
- I-Pulp ifakwe umoya
Imveliso yelaphu engalukwanga isebenzisa ubuchule obutsha obudala imathiriyeli eyodwa kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo. Iingcali zeshishini zilindele ukuba imakethi yehlabathi yezi zixhobo ifikelele phantse $86.6 billion nge 2035, ngokukhula okuzingileyo kule minyaka ilishumi izayo.
Iinyani zelaphu ezingalukwanga ngokukhawuleza kunye nesiKhokelo esinoBungane
- Amalaphu angalukwanga aza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka i-spunbond, inyibilike, kunye ne-spunlace, nganye nge iimpawu ezizodwa kunye nokusetyenziswa.
- Amalaphu e-Spunbond anamandla kwaye alula, ukubenza balungele iimveliso njengamanabukeni kunye neemaski zonyango.
- Amalaphu e-Meltblown agqwesa ekuhluzeni, ukubamba ukuya 99% yamasuntswana, kwaye ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizihluzi zomoya kunye neemaski zotyando.
- Amalaphu e-spunlace athambile kwaye athambile, igqibelele ukosula kunye neemaski zobuso, njengoko zingenazo izibophelelo okanye izinto zokuncamathelisa.
- Amalaphu ahlatywe ngenaliti ahlala ixesha elide kwaye akakwazi ukunxiba, ilungele izicelo ezinzima ezifana nezangaphakathi zeemoto.
- Amalaphu e-Airlaid afunxa kakhulu kwaye athambe, ukwenza ukuba zibe zinkulu kwiimveliso zococeko ezifana neepadi zabasetyhini kunye neepuphu zomntwana.
- Amalaphu eFlashspun anika amandla abalaseleyo kunye nokhuseleko, ihlala isetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokhuseleko kunye nokupakishwa kwamashishini.
- Ukukhetha ilaphu elililo elingaphothiweyo kuxhomekeke kwisicelo, iipropati ezifunekayo, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo.
Iindidi zeelaphu ezingalukwanga
I-Spunbond
Ingcaciso
Amalaphu angalukwanga eSpunbond agqama ngokomelela kwawo kunye nokuguquguquka. Abavelisi benza ezi mathiriyeli ngokusonta iifilaments eziqhubekayo kwaye bazibeke kwiwebhu. Le ndlela ivelisa ilaphu elichasayo ukukrazuka kunye nokwelula.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa
Inkqubo ye-spunbond iqala ngokunyibilika kwe-polymer granules. Oomatshini bakhupha ipholima etyhidiweyo ngokusebenzisa iispinnerets, ukwenza ixesha elide, imicu eqhubekayo. Ezi ntsinga ziyaphola kwaye zilala ngokungenamkhethe kwibhanti elishukumayo, ukudala iwebhu. IiRoller ke zibophelela iifiber kunye zisebenzisa ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo. Le nkqubo eqhubekayo ibangela ukuba ibe namandla, ilaphu elifanayo.
Iimbonakalo
- Amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina
- Ikhaphukhaphu kwaye iyaphefumla
- Ixabiso elisebenzayo kwimveliso enkulu
- Ifanelekile ucoceko, ezonyango, ezolimo, kunye neemveliso zasekhaya
Ubusazi?
Amalaphu e-Spunbond angalukwanga avela kwizinto ezininzi zemihla ngemihla. Basebenza njengesiseko se-diapers, iimaski zotyando, iingubo, iipillowcases, izigqubuthelo zezityalo, kunye ne-mattress padding.
Meltblown
Ingcaciso
Amalaphu angaphothiweyo anyibilikayo Ibonisa imicu ecolekileyo kakhulu kwaye ithambile. Olu hlobo lugqwesa kwi-filtration kunye ne-absorbency, ukwenza ukhetho oluphezulu lokukhusela kunye nokucoca izicelo.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa
Inkqubo yokunyibilika isebenzisa isantya esiphezulu somoya oshushu ukolula kunye nokwaphula iipolymer ezinyibilikisiweyo zibe zii-microfibers.. Le micu, zicoleke kakhulu kunezo zikumalaphu e-spunbond, qokelela kwibhanti yokuhambisa ukwenza iwebhu ethambileyo. Iwebhu idibana kunye njengoko iphola, ukudala i-lightweight kunye ne-porous material.
Iimbonakalo
- Ukusebenza okubalaseleyo kokucoca, ukubamba ukuya 99% yamasuntswana
- Ikhaphukhaphu, ngobunzima belaphu obuphantsi njenge 10 g/m²
- I-absorbency ephezulu, ingakumbi kwiioli
- Iindleko ezisezantsi zemveliso xa kuthelekiswa namalaphu alukiweyo
- Iinketho ezizinzileyo ezikhoyo, kubandakanywa imathiriyeli enokubola kunye nesetyenzisiweyo
I-Meltblown nonwovens idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiimaski zonyango, izihluzi zomoya, kunye neemveliso zokucoca okusingqongileyo.
I-Spunlace
Ingcaciso
Spunlaphu amalaphu angalukwanga, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngamalaphu e-hydroentangled, nikela ngento ethambileyo, imvakalelo efana nelaphu. Aziqulathanga izibophelelo okanye izinto zokuncamathelisa, ukubenza babe mnene esikhumbeni kwaye balungele izicelo ezinovakalelo.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa
Inkqubo ye-spunlace isebenzisa iijethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukubopha imicu ekhululekileyo. Amandla amanzi adibanisa imicu, ukwenza iwebhu edibeneyo. Le ndlela ayifuni ukushisa okanye iikhemikhali, okubangela ilaphu elisulungekileyo nelithambileyo.
Iimbonakalo
- Ithambile kwaye ibhetyebhetye, ngothungelwano olufana nelaphu lemveli
- I-absorbency ephezulu kunye namandla
- Eco-friendly, njengoko inkqubo isebenzisa kuphela amanzi kunye nemicu
- Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto zosula, iimaski zobuso, iingubo zotyando, kunye namacandelo eemoto
| Ishishini | Usetyenziso |
|---|---|
| Ukhathalelo lwempilo | Iigawuni zotyando, iidrapes, ukupakishwa kwezonyango, zosula |
| Ucoceko | Iimaski zobuso, zosula inkathalo yobuqu |
| Iimoto | Amacandelo afuna amandla kunye nokunyanzeliswa |
| Imizi-mveliso | Izicelo zemathiriyeli eco-friendly |
Amalaphu e-spunlace angalukwanga adibanisa ukuthamba, amandla, kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo, ukubenza ukhetho oludumileyo kushishino lwezempilo kunye nococeko.
Ihlatywe inaliti
Ingcaciso
Amalaphu angenaliti ahlatywa ngenaliti abonisa isakhiwo esixineneyo kwaye esomeleleyo. Abavelisi benza ezi mathiriyeli ngokudibanisa iintsinga ngoomatshini besebenzisa iinaliti ezihlabayo. Ilaphu eliphumayo liphuma ngenxa yokuqina kunye nokuchasana nokugqoka.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa
Inkqubo yokuhlatywa inaliti iqala ngeentsinga ezikhululekileyo ezifakwe kwiwebhu. Oomatshini abaxhotyiswe ngamawaka eenaliti ezihlabayo bagqobhoza ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiwebhu. Inaliti nganye ibhijela imicu, ukuwatshixa kunye. Esi senzo somatshini senza ukuqina, ilaphu elomeleleyo ngaphandle kwesidingo sobushushu okanye imichiza.
Iimbonakalo
- Ukuqina okuphezulu xa kuthelekiswa namalaphu aphothiweyo angalukwanga
- Ukuchasana okuphezulu kokukrazula kunye nokuqhaqha
- Ifanelekile kwizicelo ezinzima ezifana nezinto zangaphakathi zeemoto, i-geotextiles, kunye nokuhluzwa
- Ugcina isakhiwo phantsi koxinzelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo
Amalaphu angaphothiweyo ngenaliti abonisa ukuqina okukhulu kuneentlobo ze-spunlace. Ubume bazo obuxineneyo, iphunyezwe ngokudibanisa koomatshini, izenza zilungele iimveliso ezifuna ukusebenza ngamandla. Ngelixa amalaphu e-spunlace anikezela ukuthamba, iilaphu ezinenaliti zinika amandla kunye nobomi obude.
Ingcebiso: Ii-nonwovens ezihlatywe inaliti zisebenza kakuhle kwindawo apho ukuqina kubaluleke ngaphezu kokuthamba.
Ifakwe emanzini
Ingcaciso
Amalaphu angalukwanga afakwe emanzi afana nephepha ngokuthungwa kunye nenkangeleko. Abavelisi basebenzisa inkqubo esekelwe emanzini ukuze basasaze imicu kwaye benze iwebhu efanayo. Le ndlela ivelisa amalaphu ane-absorbency egqwesileyo kunye nokuguda.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa
Inkqubo yokufakwa kwamanzi iqala ngokumisa imicu emanzini. Umxube uqukuqela kwiscreen esishukumayo, apho amanzi ampompoza khona kwaye imicu ihlala kumaleko amancinci. Ii-Rollers zicinezela kwaye zibophe imicu, ukudala iflethi, nditsho ilaphu. Obu buchule buvumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo phezu kobunzima kunye nokwakheka.
Iimbonakalo
- Umphezulu ogudileyo kunye nobunzima obuhambelanayo
- I-absorbency ephezulu kunye nokuthamba
- Ilungele iimveliso ezifuna ukudibana okuthambileyo nolusu
| Ishishini | Ukusetyenziswa okuPhambili |
|---|---|
| Ezonyango | Iingubo zotyando kunye needrapes zokukhusela ulwelo kunye neebhaktheriya |
| Iimoto | I-Insulation kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo, umz., Ukufakwa phantsi kwe-hood kunye ne-trunk liners |
| Ekhaya kunye Nokhathalelo loBuqu | Usula ubuso kunye ne-diapers ye-absorbency kunye nokuthamba |
Amalaphu angalukwanga afakwe ngamanzi anceda amashishini amaninzi. Iimveliso zonyango zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela ulwelo kunye neebhaktheriya. Abavelisi beemoto bathembele kubo ngokugquma kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo. Izinto zokunyamekela ekhaya kunye nezomntu, ezifana nezosula kunye namalaphu, bazuze kwi-absorbency yabo kunye nokuziva okuthambileyo.
Umoya
Ingcaciso
Amalaphu angalukwanga eAirlaid abalasele ngenxa yobukhulu kunye nokuthamba kwawo. Inkqubo ye-airlaid isebenzisa umoya ukusasaza imicu, ukwenza ungqimba, i-cushiony web. Le ndlela idala amalaphu ane-absorbency ephezulu kunye neempawu ezizenzekelayo.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa
Inkqubo yomoya iqala ngeentsinga ezomileyo ezixhonywe emoyeni. Oomatshini bavuthela iintsinga kwiscreen esishukumayo, apho bahlala khona kwiwebhu ethambileyo. Izibophelelo okanye i-thermal bonding ikhusela imicu, okukhokelela kwilaphu elinokufunxa okugqwesileyo kolwelo kunye nokuthamba.
Iimbonakalo
- I-absorbency ephezulu kunye nokuthatha ngokukhawuleza ulwelo
- Ubume obuthambileyo, ilungele iimveliso zococeko
- Ubuninzi bubonelela nge-cushion kunye ne-insulation
- Ukusebenza okufanayo kwilaphu lonke
- Customizable kwizicelo ezithile
| Inzuzo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukufunxa okuphezulu | Ifanelekile kwiimveliso ezifuna ukufunxwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphezulu kolwelo. |
| Ukuthamba | Inkqubo ivumela ukudala amalaphu athambileyo kakhulu, ilungele ucoceko. |
| Ubuninzi | Ibonelela ngeempawu zokuthambisa kunye ne-insulation. |
| Ukufana | Iqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanayo kwilaphu lonke. |
| Customizability | Iintlobo zeFayibha kunye neendlela zokudibanisa zingahluka kwizicelo ezithile. |
Amalaphu angalukwanga e-Airlaid anika uncedo olukhethekileyo ngaphezu kweentlobo ezibekwe emanzi kunye ne-spunbond. I-absorbency ephezulu kunye nokuthamba kwabo kubenza baphelele kwiimveliso zococeko. Ubuninzi bongeza induduzo kunye nokugquma, ngelixa ukufana kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo. Abavelisi banokuhlengahlengisa iintlobo zefayibha kunye neendlela zokudibanisa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo.
Phawula: I-Airlaid nonwovens iyagqwesa kwiimveliso ezifana nezosuleli ezilahlwayo, izinto zokucoceka kwabasetyhini, kunye neepads ezifunxayo.
I-Flashspun
Ingcaciso
Amalaphu eFlashspun nonwoven asebenzisa itekhnoloji ekhethekileyo eyenza ukuqina, izinto ezilula. Abavelisi basebenzisa i-polyethylene ephezulu yoxinaniso ukuvelisa ezi laphu. Umphumo uba ishiti elixhathisa ukukrazuka kwaye libonelela ngokhuseleko olubalaseleyo.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa
Inkqubo ye-flashspun iqala ngokunyibilika i-polyethylene kwi-solvent phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Xa isisombululo sikhutshwa nge-nozzle encinci, ukuvela komphunga okukhawulezayo kwe-solvent kubangela ukuba i-polymer yenze iwebhu yeefilaments ezintle. Le micu idibana kunye njengoko ihlala, ukudala iphepha eliqhubekayo. Le ndlela ivelisa ilaphu enesakhiwo esixineneyo kunye neempawu eziphezulu zomqobo.
Iimbonakalo
IiFlashspun nonwovens zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, ngakumbi kwimpahla ekhuselayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso. Itheyibhile engezantsi igxininisa iimpawu eziphambili zokusebenza:
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Itekhnoloji yeFlash-Spun | Inika amandla aphezulu kunye neempawu ezikhaphukhaphu. |
| I-Polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphezulu | Inika ukuqina okugqwesileyo, ukumelana namanzi, kunye nokuxhathisa kweenyembezi. |
| Inhlanganisela ye-PE Lamination | Ukwandisa iimpawu zomqobo kwaye wongeza ukuguquguquka nokuzinza. |
| Ikhaphukhaphu & Yomelele | Inobunzima obungama-85g/m² kuphela, ilungele ukhuseleko kunye nezicelo eziguquguqukayo. |
| Ububanzi Obubanzi | 160ububanzi be-cm bulungele usetyenziso olukhulu, ukusuka ekupakishweni ukuya kusetyenziso lwemizi-mveliso. |
I-Flashspun nonwovens ikhusela kulwelo kunye namasuntswana. Zihlala zikhaphukhaphu ngelixa zinika ukuqina okuphezulu. Amashishini amaninzi azisebenzisela ukugubungela, iimvulophu, kunye nokupakishwa okudinga amandla kunye nokuguquguquka.
Phawula: Ilaphu leFlashspun nonwoven libalasele ngokhuseleko lwalo, amandla, kunye nokukhanya. Oku kuyenza ibe lukhetho oluphezulu lwezixhobo zokhuseleko kunye nokupakishwa kwamashishini.
I-Pulp Air-laid
Ingcaciso
Ilaphu elingalukwanga elifakwe emoyeni lisebenzisa iintsinga ze-cellulose zepulp ukwenza i-bulky, izinto ezifunxayo. Olu hlobo lwe-nonwoven luthambile kwaye lunamandla kunezicubu eziqhelekileyo. Ifunxa ulwelo ngokukhawuleza kwaye igcine ukumila kwayo xa imanzi.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa
Inkqubo yokubeka umoya wepulp iqala ngokuqhekeza ipululose pulp ibe yimicu yomntu. Umoya uvuthela ezi ntsinga kwiscreen esishukumayo, ukwenza iwebhu efanayo. Izibophelelo okanye i-thermal bonding agents zibamba iifiber kunye. Le ndlela idala indwangu ene-porous structure kunye ne-absorbency ephezulu.
Iimbonakalo
I-Pulp air-laid nonwovens igqwesa kucoceko kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo lomntu. Iimpawu zabo zibenza bafanelekele izicelo ezifuna ukuthamba, ukutyeba, kunye namandla. Uluhlu olungezantsi lushwankathela izibonelelo zabo eziphambili:
- Ubume obunobuninzi kunye nobuncinci
- Ubume obuthambileyo bokuthuthuzela
- Ukufunxwa kakuhle kwamanzi
- Yomelele kunezicubu eziqhelekileyo
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa indlela ipulp air-laid nonwoven yelaphu elisebenza ngayo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zococeko:
| Isicelo | Iingenelo |
|---|---|
| Amanabukeni omntwana | Ukufunxa okugqwesileyo, ukuthamba, ukuguda, ukunwebeka, intuthuzelo kunye nokufaneleka, amandla |
| Iimveliso zokuya esikhathini | Ukufana okuhle, isithintelo solwelo kabini, ukuthintela ukuvuza, ukusebenza kweendleko |
| Iimveliso zokungakwazi ukuzibamba kwabantu abadala | Uzinzo, ukuxhathisa kweenyembezi, ukungaboni kakuhle, ukuphefumla |
| Iimveliso zokhathalelo lomntu | Ukukwazi ukongeza iilotion zokusetyenziswa okuthe ngqo, ukubetha kakuhle, umqolo omanzi, kwaye ubaleke |
I-Pulp air-laid nonwovens ibonelela ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiimveliso ezifuna ukuhlala zithambile kwaye zifunxa. Abavelisi bahlala bekhetha le nto kwi-diapers yabantwana, izinto zokucoceka kwabasetyhini, kunye neepads zokungakwazi ukuzibamba kwabantu abadala.
Ingcebiso: Ilaphu elingaphothiweyo elifakwe emoyeni lidibanisa intuthuzelo kunye nomsebenzi, ukuyenza intandokazi yokhathalelo lomntu kunye nezicelo zococeko.
Ukwenziwa kweFabric Fabric
Iindlela zoomatshini
Iindlela zoomatshini zibumba ii-nonwovens ngokudibanisa iintsinga ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ubushushu okanye imichiza. Ezi ndlela zenza amalaphu anemibala kunye namandla awodwa.
Ukuhlatywa ngenaliti
Ukuhlatywa kweenaliti kusebenzisa amawaka eenaliti ezihlabayo ukutyhala kunye nokutsala imicu kwiwebhu. Iinaliti zibhijela imicu, ukuwatshixa kunye. Le nkqubo ivelisa i-dense, ilaphu elomeleleyo elimelana nokukrazuka nokuqhekeka. Uninzi lwangaphakathi lweemoto, i-geotextiles, kunye neemveliso zokuhluza zisebenzisa ii-nonwovens ezihlatywe inaliti ngenxa yokuqina kwazo.
- Ukuhlatywa inaliti kwandisa amandla elaphu kunye nokuqina.
- Inkqubo idala ubunzima, isakhiwo esomeleleyo.
- Iimveliso ezenziwe ngale ndlela zixhathisa ukusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye noxinzelelo.
Izinto ezintsha zamva nje, njengeDiloGroup's 3D-Lofter, vumela ukubekwa kwefiber ngokuchanekileyo. Ubuchwephesha buvumela ukudalwa koyilo lwe-textured kunye nokuphucula ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo selaphu.
Hydro-entanglement
Hydro-entanglement, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-spunlace, isebenzisa iijethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukubopha imicu. Iijethi zamanzi zinyanzela imicu ukuba ithandelane, ukwenza into ethambileyo, iwebhu eguqukayo. Le ndlela ayifuni ukushisa okanye i-adhesives, ukuyenza ilungele imveliso ekufuneka ithambile eluswini.
- I-Hydro-entanglement ivelisa i-soft, amalaphu afana nelaphu.
- Inkqubo iphumela kwi-absorbency ephezulu kunye nokuguquguquka.
- Zininzi zosula, iimaski zobuso, kunye neempahla zonyango zisebenzisa i-hydro-entangled nonwovens.
Iindlela zoomatshini nazo zibandakanya i-dry lad, ibekwe emanzi, kunye ne-stitch bonding. Indlela nganye ichaphazela iimpawu zokugqibela zelaphu:
- Dry walala: Isebenzisa iintsinga ezisisiseko kwaye ilawula ukomelela kunye noburhabaxa ngokujongwa kwifiber.
- Wet walala: Ixhoma iintsinga ezimfutshane emanzini, ukuphucula ukufana kunye nokuqina.
- Ukudibanisa umthungo: Udibanisa iintambo zefiber, ukwandisa isantya semveliso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.
Iindlela zoThermal
Iindlela ezishushu zisebenzisa ubushushu ukudibanisa iintsinga kunye. Obu buchule benza i-nonwovens kunye neempawu ezithile zokugquma kunye namandla.
Ikhalenda
I-Calender icinezela imicu phakathi kweerola ezishushu. Ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo ludibanisa iifiber kwiindawo zoqhagamshelwano, ukudala igudileyo, ilaphu elibhityileyo. Ii-nonwovens zekhalenda zihlala zivela kwiimveliso zococeko kunye nezixhobo zonyango.
Ukudityaniswa kweThermal
I-Thermal bonding inyibilika imicu ye-thermoplastic ukuze inamathele kunye njengoko ipholile. Le nkqubo yenza ukuqina, iwebhu efanayo. Itheyibhile engezantsi ithelekisa iindlela ze-thermal:
| Indlela | IiPropati ze-Thermal Insulation | Ubushushu Umthamo | I-Thermal Conductivity | I-Thermal Diffusivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-Adhesive Bonding | Xa kuthelekiswa neepolima ezinogwebu | Phezulu | Ngaphantsi kune-thermal | 20% phezulu kunesampulu 2 |
| Ukudityaniswa kweThermal | I-insulator efanelekileyo ye-thermal | Ngasezantsi | Iphezulu kunokuncamathela | Ngaphantsi kunesampulu 1 |
Ukudityaniswa kwe-Thermal kudala ii-nonwovens ezine-insulation elungileyo kunye namandla. Inkqubo isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwimveliso enkulu.
Iindlela zeMichiza
Iindlela zemichiza zisebenzisa ii-agent zokubopha ukubamba iifiber kunye. Ezi arhente zonyusa umanyano lwefayibha kunye nokwandisa amandla emveliso yokugqibela.
Ukudibanisa imichiza
Ukudityaniswa kweekhemikhali kubandakanya ukusebenzisa izinto ezincamathelayo okanye izibophelelo kwi-fiber web. Ukukhethwa kwe-agent edibeneyo kunye nohlobo lwefayibha luchaphazela i-absorbency yelaphu kunye nokuqina.
- Ii-agent zokudibanisa iikhemikhali ziphucula amandla endwangu.
- Inkqubo ivumela ukulungiswa kwe-absorbency kunye nokuthamba.
- Uninzi lweemveliso zococeko kunye nokucoca zisebenzisa ii-nonwovens ezibotshelelwe ngamachiza.
Abavelisi bahlala bekhetha iindlela zeekhemikhali xa befuna ukulinganisa amandla kunye ne-absorbency kwimveliso yokugqibela.
Ingcebiso: Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokuvelisa kuchaphazela ukuthungwa, amandla, kunye ne-absorbency yamalaphu angalukwanga. Inkqubela phambili yamva nje ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweepolymers eziphambili, biopolymers, kunye nobuchwepheshe be-smart textile bokusebenza ngcono kunye nozinzo.
Inkqubo ye-Airlaid
Inkqubo ye-airlaid idala amalaphu angaphonswanga kunye nendibaniselwano ekhethekileyo yokuthamba kunye ne-absorbency. Abavelisi basebenzisa imicu eyomileyo, njengeselulosi okanye izinto zokwenziwa, kwaye uwaxhome kumlambo womoya. Obu buchule buvumela iintsinga ukuba zisasazeke ngokulinganayo kwiscreen esishukumayo. Iintsinga zihlala zingqindilili, iwebhu emdaka. Izibophelelo okanye ubushushu ke zibophe imicu kunye, ukwenza ilaphu elizinzileyo.
Amalaphu angalukwanga e-Airlaid agqama kucoceko nakwiimveliso zokhathalelo lomntu. Inkqubo ivelisa izinto ezifunxa ulwelo ngokukhawuleza kwaye uzive uthambile eluswini. Iinkampani ezininzi zikhetha i-airlaid nonwovens kwi-diapers yabantwana, iipads zokucoceka kwabasetyhini, kunye neemveliso zokungakwazi ukuzibamba kwabantu abadala. Ubuninzi belaphu bunika induduzo kunye ne-cushioning.
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa iingenelo eziphambili zamalaphu angalukwanga anomoya:
| Uphawu | Inzuzo |
|---|---|
| Ukufunxa okuphezulu | Ifunxa ngokukhawuleza kwaye igcine ulwelo |
| Ubume obuthambileyo | Uziva enobulali kwaye ekhululekile |
| Ubuninzi | Yongeza i-cushion kunye ne-insulation |
| Ukufana | Ihambisa ukusebenza okufanayo |
Abavelisi banokuhlengahlengisa umxube wefayibha kunye nendlela yokudibanisa ukwenza amalaphu kwiimfuno ezithile. Ezinye i-airlaid nonwovens zibandakanya iipolymers ezingaphezulu kwe-superabsorbent yokugcina ulwelo olongezelelweyo. Abanye basebenzisa iintsinga zendalo kwimveliso eco-friendly. Inkqubo ye-airlaid ixhasa imveliso enesantya esiphezulu, ukwenza ukuba ibe yindleko kwimiqulu emikhulu.
Ingcebiso: Amalaphu e-Airlaid nonwoven asebenza kakuhle kwiimveliso ezifuna ukuthamba kunye ne-absorbency ephezulu. Bakwaqhuba kakuhle ekupakisheni ukutya kunye nokucoca usule.
Inkqubo yeFlashspun
Inkqubo ye-flashspun ivelisa amalaphu angalukwanga anamandla akhethekileyo kunye neempawu zokuthintelwa. Abavelisi baqala nge-polyethylene ephezulu echithwe kwi-solvent phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Xa bekhulula isisombululo ngokusebenzisa umlomo omncinci, isinyibilikisi siyaba ngumphunga ngoko nangoko. Olu tshintsho lukhawulezayo lubangela ukuba i-polymer yenze iwebhu yeefilaments ezintle. Iifilaments zidibana kunye njengoko zihlala, ukudala iphepha eliqhubekayo.
Amalaphu eFlashspun angalukwanga ayaxhathisa ukukrazuka kwaye akhusele kulwelo kunye namasuntswana. Amashishini amaninzi asebenzisa ezi zinto kwimpahla yokukhusela, iimvulophu, kunye nokupakishwa kwamashishini. Ulwakhiwo olulula lwenza kube lula ukuphatha, ngelixa iwebhu eshinyeneyo ibonelela ngokhuseleko oluthembekileyo.
Le theyibhile ingezantsi ishwankathela iimpawu eziphambili zamalaphu e-flashspun nonwoven:
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Amandla aphezulu | Umelana noxinzelelo kunye nokukrazula |
| Ikhaphukhaphu | Kulula ukunxiba kunye nokuthutha |
| Iipropati zoMthintelo | Iibhloko ulwelo kunye amasuntswana |
| Usetyenziso olubanzi | Isetyenziswe kwizixhobo zokhuseleko kunye nokupakishwa |
Ii-Flashspun nonwovens zihlala zivela kwindawo ezigqumayo zommandla onobungozi. Zikwasebenza njengezinto ezisongayo zokukhusela izixhobo ezibuthathaka. Inkqubo idala ilaphu elilinganisa ukuqina kunye nokuguquguquka.
Phawula: Amalaphu e-Flashspun nonwoven anika indibaniselwano ekhethekileyo yokukhanya kunye nokukhusela. Banceda ukugcina abasebenzi bekhuselekile kwaye iimveliso zikhuselekile.
Nonwovens Uthelekiso
Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa
Amalaphu angalukwanga ayahluka kwisakhiwo sabo, iindlela zokuvelisa, kunye nezicelo. Itheyibhile engezantsi ishwankathela iindidi eziphambili, beqaqambisa inkqubo yabo yokuvelisa, iimpawu eziphambili, kunye nokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo.
| Uhlobo lwelaphu elingaphothiweyo | Indlela Yokuvelisa | Iimpawu eziphambili | Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Spunbond | Ukujikeleza + ukudibanisa thermal | Yomelele, ilula, uyaphefumla | Amanabukeni, izigqubuthelo zezityalo, iimaski zonyango |
| Meltblown | Umoya wesantya esiphezulu + thermal | Imicu emihle, ukuhluzwa okuphezulu | Iimaski zotyando, izihluzi zomoya, izinto zokufunxa ioli |
| I-Spunlace | Hydro-entanglement | Ithambile, ifunxa, bhetyebhetye | Zosula, iimaski zobuso, iingubo zonyango |
| Ihlatywe inaliti | Inaliti yoomatshini | Ixinene, yomelele, yomelele | Geotextiles, iimoto zangaphakathi, izihluzi |
| Ifakwe emanzini | Ukumiswa kwamanzi + ucinezela | Mhle, ifunxa, iyunifomu | Iidrapes zotyando, ukugquma, zosula |
| Umoya | Ukumiswa komoya + ukudibanisa | Bulky, ethambileyo, ifunxa kakhulu | Amanabukeni, ucoceko lobufazi, iipads zokucoca |
| I-Flashspun | Ukunyibilika kwe flash | Yomelele, ilula, ekhuselayo | Iikhava, iimvulophu, ukupakishwa kwamashishini |
| I-Pulp Air-laid | Ukumiswa komoya + ipulp | Bulky, ethambileyo, ifunxa | Amanabukeni omntwana, iipads zokungakwazi ukuzibamba, ucoceko |
Amalaphu angalukwanga anceda amashishini amaninzi, kuquka nokhathalelo lwempilo, ucoceko, iimoto, kunye nokupakishwa. Uhlobo ngalunye lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezizodwa kwizicelo ezithile.
Iiyantlukwano zokwenziwa kwemveliso
Abavelisi basebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ukwenza amalaphu angalukwanga. Indlela nganye ibumba ukuthungwa kwelaphu, amandla, kunye ne-absorbency.
- I-Spunbond: Oomatshini banyibilikisa iigranuli zepolymer, zijikeleze zibe yimicu, kwaye uzibophe ngobushushu kunye noxinzelelo.
- Meltblown: Umoya oshushu okwisantya esiphezulu wolula ipholima enyibilikisiweyo ibe yimicrofibers, ukwenza iwebhu entle.
- I-Spunlace: Iijethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu zibhijela iintsinga ezikhululekileyo, ukuvelisa ethambileyo, impahla efana nelaphu.
- Ihlatywe inaliti: Iinaliti ezihlabayo zibhijela imicu, ukudala ilaphu elishinyeneyo nelihlala ixesha elide.
- Ifakwe emanzini: Iifayibha zixhoma emanzini, hlala kwiscreen, kwaye bond ngokucinezela.
- Umoya: Iintsinga ezomileyo zisasazeka emoyeni, zihlale kwiwebhu, kunye nebhondi kunye nezibophelelo okanye ubushushu.
- I-Flashspun: I-polyethylene inyibilika kwi-solvent phantsi koxinzelelo, Ize ibe ngumphunga ngokukhawuleza ukwenza iwebhu eyomeleleyo.
- I-Pulp Air-laid: I-cellulose pulp fibers isasazeka emoyeni, ke bond ukwenza bulky, ishidi elifunxayo.
Indlela nganye yokuvelisa ichaphazela ukusebenza kwelaphu lokugqibela. Umzekelo, Iinkqubo ze-meltblown kunye ne-spunlace zivelisa izinto ezinokucoca okuphezulu okanye ukuthamba, ngelixa iinaliti ezihlatywayo kunye neendlela ze-flashspun zidala amalaphu anamandla aphezulu.
Umahluko kwiPropati
Iimpawu zomzimba ezifana namandla okuqina, ukutyeba, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kohluzo kuyahluka phakathi kweentlobo ezingaphothiweyo. Le theyibhile ingezantsi ithelekisa ezi mpawu.
| Uhlobo lwelaphu elingaphothiweyo | Tensile strength (g/umkhanyeli) | Ukufunxa (%) | UkuFiltration ngokuSebenzayo (µm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inaliti-Ihlatywe | 2–4 | 8–13 | N / A |
| I-Spunlace | N / A | 10–15 | N / A |
| Umoya | N / A | 15–20 | N / A |
| Ifakwe emanzini | 2–3 | N / A | Ifanele ukuhluzwa |
| I-Thermal-Bonded | 3–5 | N / A | N / A |
| Meltblown | N / A | N / A | 1–10 |
- Iindwangu ezifakwe inaliti zibonisa ukuqina okuphezulu kunye ne-absorbency ephakathi, izenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa kobunzima.
- Amalaphu e-spunlace kunye ne-airlaid agqwesileyo ekugcineni ukufuma, ehambelana nokosula kunye neemveliso zococeko.
- Amalaphu e-Meltblown abonelela ngokucokisekileyo ngokugqwesileyo ngenxa yeepores ezintle, ukubamba amaqhekeza amancinci njenge-1-10 microns.
- Amalaphu afakwe emanzini anika amandla aphakathi kwaye aqhuba kakuhle kwizicelo zokucoca.
- Amalaphu adityaniswe nge-thermal anika amandla aphezulu okuxinana kweendawo ezifunayo.
Ukukhethwa kwelaphu elingaphonswanga kuxhomekeke kwibhalansi efunekayo yamandla, ukutyeba, kunye nokuhluzwa. Abavelisi bakhetha uhlobo oluhambelana kakuhle nenjongo yemveliso.
Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo
Amalaphu angalukwanga anceda amashishini amaninzi. Uhlobo ngalunye lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezizodwa kwiimveliso ezithile. Le theyibhile ingezantsi ibonisa usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo kwilaphu ngalinye elikhulu elingalukwanga:
| Uhlobo lwe-Nonwoven | Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| I-Spunbond | Amanabukeni, izigqubuthelo zezityalo, iimaski zonyango, iingxowa zokuthenga |
| Meltblown | Iimaski zotyando, izihluzi zomoya, izinto zokufunxa ioli |
| I-Spunlace | Zosula ezimanzi, iimaski zobuso, iingubo zonyango, amalaphu okucoca |
| Ihlatywe inaliti | Geotextiles, iimoto zangaphakathi, ukuxhasa ikhaphethi |
| Ifakwe emanzini | Iidrapes zotyando, ukugquma, zosula ubuso |
| Umoya | Iipads zokucoceka kwabasetyhini, amanabukeni omntwana, iipads zokucoca |
| I-Flashspun | Iikhava ezikhuselayo, iimvulophu, ukupakishwa kwamashishini |
| I-Pulp Air-laid | Iipads zokungakwazi ukuzibamba, amanabukeni omntwana, izinto zokunyamekela |
Abavelisi bakhetha amalaphu angalukwanga ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zemveliso nganye. Iingubo ze-Spunbond zibonakala kwizinto zococeko kunye nezigqubuthelo zezolimo. Amandla abo kunye nokuphefumla kwabo kubenza balungele iimveliso ezilahlwayo. Amalaphu e-Meltblown agqwesa ekuhluzeni. Babamba amasuntswana amancinane kwiimaski nakwizihluzi zomoya. Iilaphu ze-spunlace zibonelela ngokuthambileyo kunye ne-absorbency. Iinkampani ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukosula kunye neemaski zobuso.
Iilaphu ezihlatywe ngenaliti zinika ukuqina. Abenzi beemoto bazisebenzisela izihlalo zokuhlala kunye ne-trunk liners. I-Geotextiles ixhomekeke kwiinaliti ezihlatywe ngenaliti ukuze uzinzise umhlaba. Amalaphu afakwe emanzini afana nephepha. Izibhedlele zisebenzisela iidrapes zotyando kunye neegawuni. Umphezulu wazo ogudileyo ukhusela ulwelo.
Amalaphu anomoya afunxa ulwelo ngokukhawuleza. Zibonakala kwiipads zococeko kunye neemveliso zokucoca. Ubuninzi babo bongeza intuthuzelo. Amalaphu eFlashspun akhusela kwiingozi. Abasebenzi banxiba ii-flashspun coverals kwizityalo zekhemikhali. La malaphu aphinda asonge izixhobo ezibuthathaka zokuthumela ngenqanawa.
Iilaphu ezifakwe emoyeni zidibanisa ukuthamba kunye namandla. Abavelisi bazisebenzisa kwiidiaper zomntwana kunye neepads zokungakwazi ukuzibamba. Iimveliso zokhathalelo lomntu zixhamla kwi-absorbency yazo.
Ingcebiso: Iinkampani zihlala zidibanisa iintlobo ezingaphothiweyo ukuphucula ukusebenza. Umzekelo, abenzi be-diaper badibanisa i-spunbond kunye ne-airlaid layers ukuze bathuthuzeleke ngcono kunye nokufunxa.
Amalaphu angalukwanga nawo axhasa iinjongo zokusingqongileyo. Iimveliso ezininzi zisebenzisa iintsinga ezihlaziyiweyo okanye izinto ezinokubola. Iinkampani zokupakisha zikhetha ii-nonwovens zokukhanya, izisongelo ezikhuselayo. Amashishini okucoca axhomekeke kwi-spunlace kunye nezosuleli zomoya ukuze kuthathwe ulwelo olukhawulezayo.
- I-Spunbond: Isetyenziswe kwizinto zonyango ezilahlayo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezityalo.
- Meltblown: Kubalulekile kwizihluzi eziphezulu kunye nemaski.
- I-Spunlace: Ikhethwa kwizosuli zokhathalelo lomntu kunye namalaphu okucoca athambileyo.
- Ihlatywe inaliti: Ikhethwe kwizicelo zeemoto kunye nezokwakha.
- Ifakwe emanzini: Isetyenziswe kwiimpahla zonyango kunye neemveliso zephepha ezikhethekileyo.
- Umoya: Idumile kucoceko kunye neepads ezifunxayo.
- I-Flashspun: Isitshixo sempahla ekhuselayo kunye nokupakishwa kwamashishini.
- I-Pulp Air-laid: Kubalulekile kwiimveliso zococeko ezigxile kwintuthuzelo.
Amalaphu angalukwanga alungelelanisa iimfuno ezininzi. Ukuguquguquka kwabo kuxhasa ukutsha kwempilo, ukhuseleko, kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Ukukhetha amalaphu angalukwanga
Imiba yoKhetho
Ukukhetha ilaphu elilungileyo elingaphothiweyo kubandakanya ezininzi Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo. Abavelisi kunye nabathengi kufuneka bavavanye ukusetyenziswa okucetywayo, iipropati ezifunekayo, kunye nemigangatho yolawulo. Ezi nkalo zilandelayo zinendima ebalulekileyo:
- Iimfuno zokusebenza: Amandla, ukutyeba, ukuhluzwa, kunye nokuqina kufuneka kuhambelane neemfuno zemveliso.
- Ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo: Ukhuseleko nokusebenza umba, ingakumbi kwiimveliso zonyango kunye nococeko. Abavelisi kufuneka bahlangabezane nemigangatho efana ne-ISO 13485 kunye ne-ISO 10993 ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo.
- Iindleko kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali: Amaziko ahlala esebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zemali. Uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lweendleko kufuneka lubandakanye ixabiso lokuqala, ixabiso lexesha elide, ukuqina, kunye nokulula ukusetyenziswa.
- Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo: Iinkqubo zozinzo, ezifana nokusebenzisa imathiriyeli esetyenzisiweyo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi, ukunceda ukunciphisa unyawo lokusingqongileyo.
- I-Biodegradability kunye ne-recyclability: Amanye amalaphu angalukwanga ukubola ngokukhawuleza okanye inokuvundiswa, ngelixa abanye benokuthi igalelo kwinkunkuma yokulahla inkunkuma.
- Inkqubo yokuvelisa: Iindlela zokuvelisa ezisebenzayo zinokuthoba iindleko kunye nokunciphisa inkcitho.
Itheyibhile engezantsi iyaqaqambisa iimpawu eziphambili kwizicelo zonyango:
| Uhlobo lwelaphu | Iimpawu eziphambili | Usetyenziso |
|---|---|---|
| I-Spunbond | Yomelele, yomelele | Iigawuni zotyando |
| Wet walala | Ifunxa ulwelo kakuhle | Iimveliso zococeko |
| Ukusetyenziswa kanye | Ujoliso kulawulo losulelo | Izicwangciso zonyango |
Ukuqonda imimiselo kunye nokuthotyelwa kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwiindawo ezinobuthathaka.
Imizekelo yosetyenziso
Amalaphu angalukwanga anceda uluhlu olubanzi lwemizi-mveliso. Abavelisi beemoto basebenzisa ii-nonwovens kwiikhaphethi, i-trunk liners, ukuqinisa itayara, kunye nezihlalo zokuhlala. La malaphu anika ukubumba, ukuqina, kunye nokugquma isandi. Ekupakishweni, nonwovens ukunika amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokukrazula, ukukhusela izinto ngexesha lokuthutha. Izisombululo ezininzi zokupakisha zisebenzisa ii-nonwovens ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe okanye ezinokubola ngebhayoloji ukunciphisa inkunkuma yokulahla inkunkuma..
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zangaphakathi zeemoto:
| Isicelo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iikhaphethi zeemoto | Iyabunjwa, inkxaso ehlala ixesha elide |
| Iintsimbi zetrunk | Ikhaphukhaphu, ukunxiba-resistant |
| Ukomelezwa kweTire | Amandla, ukuphathwa okuphuculweyo |
| Izihlalo zokuhlala | Ukupakisha, intuthuzelo, ukuqina |
| Ucango lwepaneli yomnyango | I-Aesthetic kunye ne-trim esebenzayo |
| Izihluzi | Umoya, ioli, kunye nokuhluzwa kwamafutha |
Amalaphu angalukwanga nawo avela kwiimveliso zococeko, iingubo zonyango, kunye nezinto zokucoca. Ukuguquguquka kwabo kuxhasa izicelo ezininzi, ukusuka kwiimaski ezilahlayo ukuya kwiipaneli zokugquma.
Iingcebiso
Ukukhetha elona laphu ligqwesileyo lingalukwanga kufuna ukuphononongwa ngononophelo. Abathengi kufuneka:
- Tshatisa iimpawu zelaphu nenjongo yemveliso.
- Khangela ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo, ngakumbi kukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nococeko.
- Qwalasela iindleko zizonke zobunini, kubandakanywa ukuqina kunye nokulula kokusetyenziswa.
- Beka phambili uzinzo ngokukhetha iinketho ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe okanye ezinokubola.
- Phonononga iindlela zokuvelisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nenkcitho encinci.
- Thetha nababoneleli malunga nemixube yesiko okanye iimpawu eziphambili.
Ingcebiso: Abavelisi banokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ngokusebenzisa imathiriyeli ehlaziyiweyo kunye neenkqubo zemveliso eco-friendly. Amalaphu angalukwanga ahlala efuna amanzi amancinci kunye namandla kunamalaphu esintu, ukuxhasa iinjongo zozinzo.
Phawula: Kwiimveliso ezilahlayo, iinonwovens ezivundisiweyo okanye ezibolisiweyo zinceda ukunciphisa ungcoliseko kunye nenkunkuma yokulahla inkunkuma.
Amalaphu angalukwanga aquka i-spunbond, inyibilike, i-spunlace, uhlatywe inaliti, ifakwe emanzi, ifakwe emoyeni, i-flashpun, kunye neentlobo zepulp zomoya. Uhlobo ngalunye lusebenzisa inkqubo eyodwa kwaye lusebenzela amashishini ahlukeneyo. Abasebenzisi kufuneka baqwalasele ezi zinto xa bekhetha elona laphu lilungileyo:
- Chaza usetyenziso, njengokuhluza okanye ucoceko.
- Jonga iipropati eziphathekayo njengamandla kunye ne-absorbency.
- Ukuvavanya impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokusebenziseka kwakhona.
- Ixabiso elilinganayo kunye nomgangatho kunye novavanyo lwentsebenzo yehlabathi yangempela.
Esi sikhokelo sinceda abafundi batshatise amalaphu angalukwanga kwiimfuno zabo ezithile ngokuzithemba.
FAQ
Ngowuphi umahluko ophambili phakathi kwamalaphu angalukwanga nalukiweyo?
Amalaphu angalukwanga awasebenzisi ukuluka okanye ukunitha. Abavelisi badibanisa iintsinga kunye besebenzisa oomatshini, thermal, okanye iindlela zekhemikhali. Amalaphu alukiweyo asebenzisa imisonto edibanisayo. I-Nonwovens inikezela ngemveliso ekhawulezayo kunye neempawu ezizodwa.
Ingaba amalaphu angalukwanga angaphinda asetyenziswe?
Amalaphu amaninzi angalukwanga asebenzisa izinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-spunbond kunye ne-airlaid, inkxaso yokurisayikilisha. Abavelisi bahlala bekhetha iintsinga ze-biodegradable zemveliso eco-friendly. Soloko ujonga izikhokelo zasekuhlaleni zokurisayikilisha.
Leliphi ilaphu elingathungwanga elisebenza ngcono kwiimaski zobuso?
Ilaphu elinyibilikayo elingaphothiweyo ibonelela ngobuchule obuphezulu bokucoca. Ibamba amasuntswana amancinci kwaye ixhase ukuphefumla. Iileya zeSpunbond zongeza amandla. Iimaski ezininzi zonyango zisebenzisa indibaniselwano yeentlobo zombini.
Ngaba amalaphu angalukwanga akhuselekile kunxibelelwano lwesikhumba?
Uninzi lwamalaphu angalukwanga, ezifana ne-spunlace kunye ne-airlaid, uzive uthambile kwaye uthambile. Abavelisi bavavanya ezi zixhobo zokhuseleko lwesikhumba. Iimveliso zonyango kunye nococeko zisebenzisa ii-nonwovens ezihlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo.
Ingaba abavelisi bakhetha njani ilaphu elilungileyo elingaphothiweyo?
Abavelisi baqwalasela amandla, ukutyeba, ukuhluzwa, kunye neendleko. Badibanisa iimpawu zelaphu kwiimfuno zemveliso. Imigangatho yolawulo kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo nazo zikhokela ukhetho lwabo.
Ngaba amalaphu angalukwanga axhathise amanzi?
Amanye amalaphu angalukwanga, ezifana ne-flashpun kunye ne-spunbond, ukumelana namanzi. Abanye, njenge-airlaid kwaye ibekwe-manzi, ukufunxa ulwelo ngokukhawuleza. Abavelisi bakhetha uhlobo olusekelwe kwinjongo yemveliso.
Ngawaphi amashishini asebenzisa amalaphu angalukwanga kakhulu?
Ukhathalelo lwempilo, ucoceko, iimoto, kunye nemizi-mveliso yokupakisha isebenzisa amalaphu angalukwanga ngokubanzi. Ezi zixhobo zivela kwiimaski, zosula, ukugquma, kunye nempahla yokukhusela.
Ingcebiso: Soloko uphonononga iilebhile zemveliso kunye neenkcukacha zokuqinisekisa uhlobo lwelaphu elingalukwanga kunye neempawu zalo.
